What industry has historically dominated North Dakota's economy?

North Dakota’s economy has been historically dominated by agriculture and ranching, which has played a pivotal role in shaping the state’s development and identity. The geography and climate of North Dakota are particularly suited for farming, with vast expanses of fertile land that produce a variety of crops, including wheat, barley, and sunflowers. This agricultural foundation not only feeds local and national markets but also establishes a significant portion of the state's employment and income.

Ranching complements agriculture, as cattle farming has been a traditional practice in North Dakota, contributing to both the state's economy and culture. The interplay between agriculture and ranching has fostered a strong community focused on these industries, with many families engaged in farming practices that have been passed down through generations.

While other industries like mining, energy production, and tourism have their importance, agriculture and ranching have been the mainstay of North Dakota's economy for over a century, significantly influencing its policies, settlement patterns, and social fabric.